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Objective: To evaluate the clinical effects of low- and intermediate-dose factor Ⅷ (F Ⅷ) prophylaxis in Chinese adult patients with severe hemophilia A. Methods: Thirty adult patients with severe hemophilia A who received low- (n=20) /intermediate-dose (n=10) F Ⅷ prophylaxis at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital affiliated with Nanjing University Medical College were included in the study. The annual bleeding rate (ABR), annual joint bleeding rate (AJBR), number of target joints, functional independence score of hemophilia (FISH), quality of life score, and health status score (SF-36) before and after preventive treatment were retrospectively analyzed and compared. Results: The median follow-up was 48 months. Compared with on-demand treatment, low- and intermediate-dose prophylaxis significantly reduced ABR, AJBR, and the number of target joints (P<0.05) ; the improvement in the intermediate-dose prophylaxis group was better than that in the low-dose prophylaxis group (P<0.05). Compared with on-demand treatment, the FISH score, quality of life score, and SF-36 score significantly improved in both groups (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05) . Conclusion: In Chinese adults with severe hemophilia A, low- and intermediate-dose prophylaxis can significantly reduce bleeding frequency, delay the progression of joint lesions, and improve the quality of life of patients as compared with on-demand treatment. The improvement in clinical bleeding was better with intermediate-dose prophylaxis than low-dose prophylaxis.
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Humans , Hemophilia A/drug therapy , Factor VIII/therapeutic use , Quality of Life , Retrospective Studies , Hemarthrosis/prevention & control , Hemorrhage/drug therapyABSTRACT
When it comes to diabetic patients, persistent hyperglycemia and associated pathological conditions will not only cause diabetic retinopathy(DR)but also have an impact on the metabolism of vitreous, leading to diabetic vitreopathy. Owing to the adjacent anatomical position between the vitreous and retina, diabetic vitreopathy and DR are mutually promoted. Changes in vitreoretinal interface such as posterior vitreous detachment(PVD)and vitreoschisis, provide a scaffold for fibrovascular proliferative membrane and are closely associated with pars plana vitrectomy(PPV). This article sorts out the variation of diabetic patients' vitreous structure and biochemical components, along with the changes in the vitreous-retinal interface, particularly for the related research on its relationship with proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR), aiming at providing further cognition of diabetic vitreopathy as well as references for DR treatment and formulation of PPV.
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Objective:To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of tessellation fundus (TF) among Tianjin Medical University students with different refractive statuses.Methods:A cross-sectional study. From September to December 2019, 346 students from Tianjin Medical University were randomly selected and underwent slit-lamp examination, non-cycloplegic auto-refraction, subjective refraction, best-corrected visual acuity, ocular biometric measurement, and non-dilation fundus photography. The differences in the prevalence of TF in basic characteristics and ocular biometric parameters were compared. Based on the equivalent spherical (SE), refractive status was divided into the non-myopia group (SE>-0.50 D) and the myopia group (SE≤-0.50 D). The myopia group was further divided into mild myopia group (-3.00 D<SE≤-0.50 D), moderate myopia group (-6.00 D<SE≤-3.00 D), and high myopia group (SE≤-6.00 D). According to the axis length (AL), the subjects were divided into AL<24 mm group, 24-26 mm group, and >26 mm group. The logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors affecting TF. Trend tests were performed for each risk factor and TF.Results:Of the 346 subjects, 324 (93.6%, 324/346) were myopia, of whom 73 (21.1%, 73/346), 167 (48.3%, 167/346), and 84 (24.3%, 84/346) were mild myopia, moderate myopia, and high myopia, respectively; 22 (6.4%, 22/346) were non-myopia. There were 294 (85.0%, 294/346) students with TF in the macula, including 9 (40.91%, 9/22), 58 (79.45%, 58/73), 145 (86.83%, 145/167), and 82 (97.62%, 82/84) in non-myopia, low myopia, moderate myopia, and high myopia group, respectively; 52 (15.0%, 52/346) students were without TF in the macula. There were statistically significant gender differences ( χ2=4.47), SE ( t=6.29), AL ( t=-8.29), anterior chamber depth ( Z=-2.62), lens thickness ( Z=-2.23), and average corneal radius ( Z=-3.58) between students with and without TF in the macula ( P<0.05). Spherical equivalent and axial length were independent risk factors for TF and its severity ( P≤0.001). With an increasing degree of myopia, and increasing axial length, the risk of TF increased ( P for trend<0.001). Conclusions:The prevalence of TF is 85.0% among Tianjin Medical University students. TF is detected in the fundus of no myopia, mild myopia, moderate myopia and high myopia. The degree of myopia is higher, the AL is longer, the possibility of TF is higher.
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Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus causing severe visual impairment, and it is the main cause of blindness in adults. Metabolic abnormalities play an important role in the occurrence and development of DR, including the abnormal levels of glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism and purine metabolism, which indicate that there are disorders of phosphopentose pathway, arginine metabolism pathway, polyol pathway and ascorbic acid pathway in the progression of DR. Metabolomics has great advantages in exploring the pathogenesis and diagnosis of DR, helping to identify the characteristic metabolic changes of DR And discover potential biomarkers. However, the existing metabolomics studies on DR have some limitations, such as the potential biomarkers found in some studies are difficult to verify in other studies due to differences in race, age, gender and sample size. There are few studies on biomarkers at different stages of DR. Therefore, in the future, multi-center and large-scale clinical studies are needed to screen out biomarkers with practical clinical diagnostic value.
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Objective To understand the epidemiology and trends of of unintentional injury deaths of children 2=16.44 , χ2=5.284 , P＜0.05）. The three leading causes of unintentional injury deaths were drowning (2.30/10000), suffocation (1.90/10000), and traffic accidents (1.42/10 000). Drowning among boys was 8.74 per cent, which was significantly higher than in girls（χ2=9.36，P＜0.05）. Drowning was the leading cause in boys, while suffocation was the leading cause of accidental death in girls. Accidents accounted for 57.49% of all deaths among children aged 1 to 4 years. Suffocation was the leading cause in children <1 year of age, but drowning（38.62%）was more prominent in children 1-4 years of age. Suffocation has high incidence in the winter, and drowning has high incidence in the summer season（P＜0.05）. Conclusions Effective childhood injury prevention may require different prevention policies combination depending on epidemiological characteristics such as genders, age groups，household register and seasons. The prevention programs should be carried especially the floating population.
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Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes, and it is the main cause of vision loss in diabetic patients. Angiopoietin (Ang), a superfamily of secreted proteins, is a vascular growth factor that regulates the stability of vascular environment, participates in angiogenesis and repair, and lipid metabolism. It plays an important role in the development of DR and has become a new target for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy. With the in-depth study of Ang and the research and development of various drugs for Ang, it is expected to bring new ideas and strategies for the treatment of DR in the future.
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Objective:To study the effect of ZhuJing pill variant formula medicated serum on hydrogen peroxide (H 2O 2)-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of human retinal pigment epithelial (ARPE-19) cells and its mechanism. Methods:Thirty female SPF grade SD rats aged 2 months old were selected.The rats were randomized into blank control group and Zhujing pill variant formula group according to random number table method, with 15 in each group, which were intragastrically administered with normal saline and ZhuJing pill variant formula solution for 7 days accordingly to prepare blank control serum and medicated serum.ZhuJing pill variant formula medicated serum was prepared with SD rats.ARPE-19 cells were divided into normal control group, model control group, blank serum group as well as 2.5%, 5.0% and 10.0% medicated serum groups, SB216763 group and SB216763+ medicated serum group.Normal and blank control groups were cultured in normal culture medium, while the other six groups were cultured in blank rat serum medium, medicated serum medium of corresponding concentration, 10 μmol/L SB216763 medium and 10 μmol/L SB216763+ 10.0% medicated serum medium, respectively.Normal control group was routinely cultured, while the other groups were routinely cultured for 24 hours, and then added with H 2O 2 with the final concentration of 200 μmol/L for 24 hours.Cell viability was assessed by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, and cell migration ability was detected by Transwell assay.Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was detected by dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) assay, and MDA level was identified by sulfhydryl barbituric acid assay.The expression levels of Nrf2 pathway related proteins including nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO-1) and EMT-related proteins including transforming growth factor-β2 (TGF-β2), protein kinase B (AKT), glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), snail family zinc finger 1 (SNAIL1), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin) in cells were measured by western blot assay.The use and care of animals complied with Regulations for the Administration of Affairs Concerning Experimental Animals. Results:There was no significant difference in cell survival rate among blank serum group, 2.5%, 5.0% and 10.0% medicated serum groups ( F=0.163, P>0.05). The cell survival rates were (100.50±5.91)%, (60.87±4.30)%, (73.27±4.46)%, (80.73±5.67)% and (89.90±4.97)% in normal control group, model control group, 2.5%, 5.0% and 10.0% medicated serum groups, and the number of migrating cells was (84.67±8.33), (222.33±13.58), (215.67±10.02), (174.67±10.60), (143.67±8.02) and (107.67±6.66) pcs/visual field in normal control group, model control group, blank serum group, 2.5%, 5.0% and 10.0% medicated serum groups, respectively, with significant differences among the groups ( F=26.628, 99.289; both at P<0.01). The contents of ROS and MDA in model control group were significantly increased in comparison with normal control group (both at P<0.01). The contents of ROS and MDA of 2.5%, 5.0% and 10.0% medicated serum groups were significantly decreased in comparison with model control group (all at P<0.01). The relative expression levels of SNAIL1, α-SMA, TGF-β2, p-AKT and p-GSK-3β proteins were significantly higher and the relative expression level of E-cadherin protein was significantly lower in model control group compared with normal control group, 2.5%, 5.0% and 10.0% medicated serum groups (all at P<0.05). Compared with normal control group, the relative expression level of cytoplasmic Nrf2 in model control group was decreased, while the relative expression levels of nuclear Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO-1 were increased, and the differences were statistically significant (all at P<0.05). Compared with model control group, the relative expression levels of cytoplasmic Nrf2 in 2.5%, 5.0% and 10.0% medicated serum groups were reduced, and the relative expression levels of nuclear Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO-1 were enhanced, and the differences were statistically significant (all at P<0.01). Compared with model control group, the relative expression level of cytoplasmic Nrf2 in SB216763 group was decreased, and the relative expression level of nuclear Nrf2 was increased, and the differences were statistically significant (both at P<0.05). Compared with SB216763 group, the relative expression levels of cytoplasmic Nrf2, SNAIL1 and α-SMA in SB216763+ medicated serum group were decreased, and the relative expression levels of nuclear Nrf2 and E-cadherin protein were increased, and the differences were statistically significant (both at P<0.05). Conclusions:ZhuJing pill variant formula medicated serum can inhibit H 2O 2-induced EMT in ARPE-19 cells.The mechanism may be related to the inhibition of AKT/GSK-3β pathway and the activation of Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are progenitor cells possessing vasculogenic potential.The main function of EPCs is to play a role by paracrine angiogenic factors and neuroprotective factors.EPCs also have the ability to differentiate into endothelial cells and integrate themselves into newly formed capillaries.Therefore, EPCs play an important role in vascular repair and neuroprotection.The research on surface markers and functions of EPCs is the basis of EPCs research.A series of clinical trials, animal and cell experiments show that EPCs transplantation and joint transplantation of EPCs and other cells can promote vascular repair and improve retinal function with good safety.EPCs are expected to be an effective treatment for diabetic retinopathy (DR). DR is now defined as a refractory eye disease with retinal neurovascular unit (NVU) injury associated with systemic metabolism anbormality.Change in EPCs count and damage of EPCs function are involved in the occurrence and development of DR.Ophthalmologists should pay attention to the early managing approach of EPCs.Current treatment strategies include transplantation of EPCs, joint transplantation of EPCs with other cells, and regulation of endogenous EPCs.The unique biological characteristics of EPCs provide many possibilities in repairing retinal NVU injury and DR prevention and treatment.This article introduces the latest research progress of EPCs for DR from five aspects including the origin of EPCs, physiological and pathological state, function, treatment strategy and clinical application.At the same time, the existing problems and technical bottlenecks will also be discussed.
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OBJECTIVE@#To assess the efficacy on relieving pain and improving the range of motion of shoulder joint in post-stroke shoulder-hand syndrome of phlegm-stasis obstruction in treatment of the combined therapy of eye acupuncture, Tengliao (Chinese herbal warm dressing technique) and rehabilitation training (eye acupuncture + Tengliao + rehabilitation) as compared with the combined treatment of Tengliao and rehabilitation training (Tengliao + rehabilitation) and the simple rehabilitation training (rehabilitation).@*METHODS@#A total of 356 patients with post-stroke shoulder-hand syndrome of phlegm-stasis obstruction were randomized into an eye acupuncture + Tengliao + rehabilitation group (group A, 122 cases, 2 cases dropped off), a Tengliao + rehabilitation group (group B, 120 cases, 3 cases dropped off) and a rehabilitation group (group C, 114 cases, 1 case dropped off). In the group C, the basic treatment was combined with routine rehabilitation training. In the group B, on the base of the treatment as the group C, Tengliao was exerted. A medical bag composed of over 20 Chinese herbal materials was heated and dressed at the affected area, 30 min each time, 5 times weekly. In the group A, besides the treatment as the group B, eye acupuncture was applied to heart region, kidney region, upper jiao region and lower jiao region, 30 min each time, 5 times weekly. The treatment lasted 28 days in all of three groups. Separately, before treatment, in 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of treatment, as well as in 14 days after treatment of follow-up, the score of visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, the score of guides to evaluation of permanent impairment (GEPI) and the score of National Institutes of Health stroke scale (NIHSS) were observed in each group.@*RESULTS@#The scores of VAS, GEPI and NIHSS were all improved with the treatment lasting in the three groups (P<0.000 1). In 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of treatment and in follow-up as well, VAS scores in the group A were all lower than the group C (P<0.05). After 14 days of treatment, GEPI score showed increasing trend, while NIHSS score showed decreasing trend in the group A compared with the group B. Before treatment, GEPI score was lower and NIHSS score was higher in the group A compared with the group C (P<0.05). It was suggested that the illness was slightly serious in the group A. After propensity score matching, in 14, 21 and 28 days as well as in follow-up, GEPI scores in the group A were higher than the group C respectively (P<0.05). Regarding NIHSS score at each time point, the difference had no statistical significance between the group A and the group C (P>0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The combined therapy of eye acupuncture, Tengliao and rehabilitation training obtains a better efficacy on post-stroke shoulder-hand syndrome of phlegm-stasis obstruction as compared with rehabilitation training.
Subject(s)
Humans , Acupuncture Points , Acupuncture Therapy/methods , Pain , Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy/therapy , Stroke/complications , Stroke Rehabilitation , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Neurovascular unit (NVU) refers to a functional complex of neural cells and vasculature, which plays an important role in maintaining retinal homeostasis and matching metabolic demands. In physiological situation, retinal NVU mainly exerts two effects: (1) maintaining blood-retinal barrier for retinal homeostasis maintenance; (2) regulating local blood flow to meet metabolic and functional demands of the retina. The pathological changes in retinal diseases are reflected in each functional part of retinal NVU, including cell-cell connections, signal pathways, metabolic activities and cellular functions. However, the main pattern and manifestation of NVU impairment differs among retinal diseases due to different etiologies. At present, understanding on retinal NVU is still insufficient, and its clinical application is even more limited. Further application in the diagnosis and treatment of retinal diseases is an important direction for future research on NVU.
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Diabetic macular edema (DME) is one of the main reasons causing blindness in patients with diabetic retinopathy. In recent years, with the recognition of the pathogenic role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in DME, many clinical trials of intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF drugs have been carried out at home and abroad, proving that it has significant effects in improving visual acuity and reducing macular edema, and has become the first-line treatment of DME. However, there are still many challenges in routine clinical application of anti-VEGF drugs, such as frequent injections, insensitivity to treatment, and it is unclear whether repeated injections will cause damage to retina. The pathophysiological process of DME is very complicated, in addition to VEGF, there are many inflammatory factors and growth factors involved. Clinical trials of long-acting anti-VEGF agents, drugs of other targets and gene therapy are also being carried out. It is believed that with the in-depth research and progress of clinical trials, the gradual application of anti-VEGF drugs, other drugs and therapy in clinical practice are just around the corner, which is expected to provide more convenient and effective treatments for DME patients in the future.
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Objective@#To explore and analyze the effect of comprehensive nursing care in endoscopic treatment of esophageal and gastric varicose bleeding.@*Methods@#A retrospective analysis of 60 cases of patients with esophageal and gastric varicose hemorrhage admitted to the hospital was conducted. The patients were randomly divided into 30 cases of control group and 30 cases of observation group. Routine nursing and comprehensive nursing were adopted respectively to evaluate different nursing effects.@*Results@#Intraoperative and postoperative heart rate of the observation group (91.0 ± 4.0) times/min, (89.2 ± 4.2) times/min, which were lower than (98.0 ± 4.2) times/min, (94.7 ± 4.5) times/min of the control group. There was statistically significant difference (t values were 6.610, 4.894, P < 0.05). The bleeding prevention effectiveness rate of the observation group (93.33%, 28/30) was higher than the control group (73.33%, 22/30), The difference was statistically significant (χ2 value was 4.32, P < 0.05). The total nursing satisfaction rate (100.00%, 30/30) in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (86.70%, 26/30), the difference was statistically significant (χ2 value was 4.29, P< 0.05). Quality of life, disease cognition, compliance behavior, proper rest, self-protection, General Quality of life Inventory (GQOLI) score in the observation group were (33.5 ± 3.5), (21.5 ± 3.7), (32.5 ± 2.8), (21.5 ± 3.3), (22.0±4.2), (130.2 ± 17.4) points, which were higher than those in the control group (28.2 ± 3.2), (17.5 ± 2.5), (28.5 ± 3.0), (17.2 ± 3.0), (18.0 ± 3.0), and (110.2 ± 15.2) points. The differences were statistically significant (t values were 4.245-6.121, P<0.05).@*Conclusions@#Endoscopic treatment of esophageal and gastric varicose bleeding patients combined with comprehensive nursing intervention, can effectively prevent the occurrence of rebleeding, improve the quality of life of patients. The application effect is significant.
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Cellular energy metabolism including glycolysis and lipid oxidation provides energy to all the fundamental activities in living cells.The metabolic profile indicated by the balance between glycolysis and lipid oxidation plays a critical role in the determination of cell fates, such as proliferation, migration, apoptosis and paracrine signaling pathways.Disease associated aberrant cellular metabolism leads to the dysfunction of cells, tissues and organs.Diabetes is a metabolic syndrome characterized by abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism.The metabolic disorder in the eye which is triggered by diabetic conditions is the basis for diabetes-related ocular complications.Diabetic eye diseases include diabetic retinopathy, diabetic cataract, diabetic ocular surface disease, and visual fatigue etc.At present, studies have shown that hyperglycemia, insulin resistance can impair the glucose metabolism and utilization of eye tissue cells.Dyslipidemia and lipid oxidation disorder will cause mitochondrial dysfunction, increase oxidative stress, chronic inflammation and damage the cell function.These metabolic disturbances initiate and promote the pathogenesis of diabetes-related eye diseases.Therefore, in order to improve the prognosis in treating these diseases, the energy metabolism is an important aspect for ophthalmologists to consider, not only in medicine application but also in surgical intervention.In this article, we aim to analyze the occurrence, development and treatment of diabetes-related eye diseases from the perspective of energy metabolism, which may shed light to the research and clinic applications in diabetes-related ocular diseases.
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Objective:To explore and analyze the effect of comprehensive nursing care in endoscopic treatment of esophageal and gastric varicose bleeding.Methods:A retrospective analysis of 60 cases of patients with esophageal and gastric varicose hemorrhage admitted to the hospital was conducted. The patients were randomly divided into 30 cases of control group and 30 cases of observation group. Routine nursing and comprehensive nursing were adopted respectively to evaluate different nursing effects.Results:Intraoperative and postoperative heart rate of the observation group (91.0 ± 4.0) times/min, (89.2 ± 4.2) times/min, which were lower than (98.0 ± 4.2) times/min, (94.7 ± 4.5) times/min of the control group. There was statistically significant difference ( t values were 6.610, 4.894, P < 0.05). The bleeding prevention effectiveness rate of the observation group (93.33%, 28/30) was higher than the control group (73.33%, 22/30), The difference was statistically significant ( χ 2 value was 4.32, P < 0.05). The total nursing satisfaction rate (100.00%, 30/30) in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (86.70%, 26/30), the difference was statistically significant ( χ 2 value was 4.29, P< 0.05). Quality of life, disease cognition, compliance behavior, proper rest, self-protection, General Quality of life Inventory (GQOLI) score in the observation group were (33.5 ± 3.5), (21.5 ± 3.7), (32.5 ± 2.8), (21.5 ± 3.3), (22.0±4.2), (130.2 ± 17.4) points, which were higher than those in the control group (28.2 ± 3.2), (17.5 ± 2.5), (28.5 ± 3.0), (17.2 ± 3.0), (18.0 ± 3.0), and (110.2 ± 15.2) points. The differences were statistically significant ( t values were 4.245-6.121, P<0.05). Conclusions:Endoscopic treatment of esophageal and gastric varicose bleeding patients combined with comprehensive nursing intervention, can effectively prevent the occurrence of rebleeding, improve the quality of life of patients. The application effect is significant.
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We used the network pharmacology to explore the active ingredients and mechanism of action of Danqi tablets in the treatment of coronary heart disease, providing a theoretical basis for the treatment of clinical coronary heart disease. The TCMSP database was used to screen for active ingredients and targets in Danqi tablets; the predicted targets of coronary heart disease were screened through the GeneCards database; then, the intersection of the two targets was mapped; we used STRING database to construct a protein interaction network map and identified 65 cores targets; then, the DAVID database was used for enrichment analysis of gene ontology (GO) biological processes and KEGG signaling pathways, and finally the Cytoscape-3.6.2 software was used to construct a network diagram of traditional Chinese medicine-active ingredient-key targets-pathway. The H2O2-induced H9C2 cells injury model was used for experimental verification. The results suggest that Danqi tablets act on inflammatory factors and apoptosis-related pathways through quercetin, luteolin, tanshinone IIA, and other active ingredients, and improve proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory imbalances in the body and protect cardiomyocytes. This study confirms the multi-component and multi-target effects of Danqi tablets in the treatment of coronary heart disease, and provides an objective basis for their use in further experimental research and the clinical diagnosis and treatment of coronary heart disease.
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OBJECTIVE@#To establise the bank of platelet donors with the human platelet antigen (HPA) 1-6, 15 genes so as to provide the HPA-matched platelets for the patients.@*METHODS@#The HPA genotyping of platelets donors and patients with platelet antibody positive confirmed by sercening was performed by using the SSP-PCR; the efficacy of transfusing the HPA-matched platelets for 37 cases platelet antibody positive was analyzed.@*RESULTS@#The most common genotype in platelet donors were HPA-1a/1a-2a/2a-3a/3b-4a/4a-5a/5a-6a/6a-15a/15b, followed by HPA-1a/1a-2a/2a-3a/3a-4a/4a-5a/5a-6a/6a-15a/15b; the most common genotype in 53 cases of platelet antibody positive confirened by screening were HPA-1a/1a-2a/2a-3a/3b-4a/4a-5a/5a-6a/6a-15a/15b. Among 37 patients with platelet antibody positive confirened by screeming, 28 showed that the transfusion of HPA-matched platelets was effective with statistically significant difference in comparison with random transfusion group. The HPA-3, HPA-15 were the main factors leading to polymorphisms.@*CONCLUSION@#HPA-3 and HPA-15 are polymorphic, which should be focused on. HPA-matched platelets can improve the efficiency of platelet transfusion, and avoid the waste of blood resources. The genotypes of platelet donors can basically meet the requirements for common genotype transfusion.
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The mortality rate of lung cancer is relatively high and the incidence of lung cancer has been increased year by year.Consequently,early screening and diagnosis plays a crucial role.The traditional screening method is biopsy,which has multiple defects.Radiomics can resolve these limitations and improve the diagnosis and prognosis of lung cancer in a noninvasive and low-cost manner,assisting the clinicians to make decisions in clinical practice.In this paper,the process and application,prospects and challenges of radiomics in the screening of lung cancer were introduced,aiming to promote the development of radiomics.
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ViewRay magnetic resonance (MR) guided radiotherapy system not only solves the problem of imaging dose,but also can set up accurately,online adaptive radiotherapy and gated irradiation according to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).The development of this system provides a new technical means of accurate radiotherapy.This review describes the main structure of the ViewRay system,and summarizes quality assurance (QA),dosimetric comparison,respiratory motion management,online adaptive radiotherapy,and preliminary treatment effect.
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Objective To analyze the clinical efficacy and safety of tegafur combined with oxaliplatin and gemcitabine combined with cisplatin in the treatment of advanced triple negative breast cancer.Methods Seventy-eight female patients with metastatic triple negative breast cancer who has afailed treatment with anthracycline/taxanes from January 1,2012 to December 31,2015 in PLA 309 Hospital were randomly divided into SOX group (38 cases) and GP group (40 cases) by computer generated random numbers.Results The objective response rates of SOX group and GP group were 31.5％ (12/38) and 32.5％ (13/40),and the disease control rates were 65.8％ (25/38) and 70.0％ (28/40),respectively.There was no significant difference between the two groups (P value was 1.000 and 0.809).The median progression-free survival time of GP group and SOX group was 6.6 and 5.5 months respectively,and there was a significant difference between the two groups (P=0.044).Adverse reactions in both groups included bone marrow suppression,gastrointestinal reactions and so on.The incidence rate of digestive tract reaction was 23.7％ (9/38) in SOX group and 27.5％ (11/40) in GP group.There was no significant difference between the two groups (P=0.699).The incidence rate of bone marrow suppression was 28.9％ (11/38) and 30.0％ (12/40),respectively.There was no significant difference between the two groups (P =0.920).Conclusion Tegafur combined with oxaliplatin and gemcitabine combined with cisplatin are effective drugs for the treatment of metastatic triple negative breast cancer,and the adverse reactions are tolerable.
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Mucosal-assooiated invariant T(MAIT) cells are an evolutionarily highly conserved T lymphocyte subsets with the innate functions similar to innate natural killer T(iNKT) cells. MAIT cells are defined by their invariant T cell receptors (TCR)-alpha chain and restrictive major histocompatibility complex (MHC) related protein-! (MR1) , and identify antigens through the MR1, secreting a variety of cytokines after being activated, directly or indirectly involved in the body's immune re-sponses. MAIT cells are also abundant in human peripheral blood and many tissues. They are closely related to the occurrence and development of various infectious diseases, autoimmune diseases and malignant tumors. This article mainly reviews the research on MAIT cells in tumor diseases.